# DNS Tools `dig` e `nslookup` sono strumenti di rete utilizzati per interrogare i server DNS. `dig` fornisce informazioni dettagliate e formattate sulle query DNS, mentre `nslookup` è un'interfaccia più semplice e interattiva per ottenere informazioni sui nomi di dominio. Entrambi sono utili per diagnosticare problemi di risoluzione dei nomi e per ottenere dettagli su record DNS specifici. ## nslookup ```bash nslookup novemila.org Server: 192.168.0.1 ## Server DNS locale, in questo casso il default gateway Address: 192.168.0.1#53 Non-authoritative answer: ## Le risposte non provengono da un server autoritativo Name: novemila.org Address: 95.111.234.107 ## Record di tipo A ``` Una reverse lookup: ```bash nslookup 95.111.234.107 ;; Got recursion not available from 194.242.2.9, trying next server 107.234.111.95.in-addr.arpa name = vmi1757309.contaboserver.net. ## Record di tipo PTR, che associano un IP a un hostname Authoritative answers can be found from: ``` Infine, é possibile impostare il tipo di RR da richiedere: ```bash nslookup -query=A continuity.space Server: 192.168.0.1 Address: 192.168.0.1#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name: continuity.space Address: 92.245.188.161 nslookup -query=MX continuity.space Server: 192.168.0.1 Address: 192.168.0.1#53 Non-authoritative answer: continuity.space mail exchanger = 1 mailgate.continuity.srl. Authoritative answers can be found from: ``` ## dig ```bash dig @1.1.1.1 continuity.space MX ; <<>> DiG 9.20.9-2-Debian <<>> @1.1.1.1 continuity.space MX ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 64794 ;; flags: qr rd ra ad; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;continuity.space. IN MX ;; ANSWER SECTION: continuity.space. 900 IN MX 1 mailgate.continuity.srl. ;; Query time: 103 msec ;; SERVER: 1.1.1.1#53(1.1.1.1) (UDP) ;; WHEN: Thu Jun 19 21:17:40 CEST 2025 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 84 ``` Oppure, per richiedere un RR SOA: ```bash dig @1.1.1.1 continuity.space SOA ; <<>> DiG 9.20.9-2-Debian <<>> @1.1.1.1 continuity.space SOA ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 1072 ;; flags: qr rd ra ad; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;continuity.space. IN SOA ;; ANSWER SECTION: continuity.space. 900 IN SOA dns17.ovh.net. tech.ovh.net. 2025053000 86400 3600 3600000 300 ;; Query time: 64 msec ;; SERVER: 1.1.1.1#53(1.1.1.1) (UDP) ;; WHEN: Thu Jun 19 21:18:57 CEST 2025 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 99 ```